The treatment depends entirely on the cause of the problem. Therefore, it is important that you understand the cause of your symptoms before embarking on a treatment programme. If you are unsure of your diagnosis, or the severity of your condition, you should seek medical advice before beginning any treatment plan.
Rest
This is usually the first treatment for most common conditions to relief ankle pain as it allows the inflammation to subside. Crutches may be helpful if the symptoms are severe.
Footwear Modifications, Orthotics and Braces
This form of treatment may be helpful depending in the specific injury to be addressed.
Ice and Heat Application
Ice packs and heat pads are among the most commonly used treatments for inflammation. Ice packs are mostly used for acute injuries to help minimise swelling while heat pads are used for chronic conditions to help relax and loosen tissues, and to stimulate blood flow to the area.
Stretching
Stretching the muscles and tendons that surround the joint can help with some causes of ankle pain. A good routine should be established.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy is an important aspect of treatment for almost all orthopaedic conditions. Physiotherapists use different modalities to increase strength, regain mobility, and help return patients to their pre-injury level of activity.
Anti-Inflammatory Medication
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, commonly referred to as NSAIDs, are some of the most frequently prescribed medications, especially for patients with ankle pain caused by problems such as arthritis, bursitis, and tendonitis.
Steriod Injections
Triamcinolone is a powerful medication that treats inflammation, and inflammation is a common problem in patients with ankle pain.
Surgery
Surgery is rarely used as part of the acute treatment of an ankle sprain. Patients who undergo surgery usually have recurrent ankle injuries and persistent ankle pain. This could be that they have ligaments that were torn and did not heal properly.
Patients who have chronic, recurring ankle sprains usually have loose ligaments. The most commonly performed surgery to 'tighten' these ligaments is called a Brostrom repair. During the surgery, the ligaments on the outside of the ankle are tightened, preventing the ankle from being unstable.
An unstable ankle joint can be detected via a physical examination where the doctor will compare the 'good' ankle with the injured ankle to get an idea of how 'loose' the injured ankle is. A X-ray of the ankle can also be taken to see if the bones are held together tightly enough.