Mitral valve prolapse is a common heart condition where the valve bulges (prolapses) excessively into the left atrium during closure. This abnormality can lead to the valve leaking resulting in a condition called mitral valve regurgitation.
Good dental hygiene is essential, especially for all children and adults. Regular dental check-ups are crucial.
The use of antibiotics before a dental procedure is no longer recommended for people with mitral valve prolapse, regardless of whether they have associated symptoms.
Children who have mitral valve prolapse, especially those who experience rhythm problems, collapse during exercise or have a family history of sudden cardiac death, are advised to engage in light, low-impact physical activities, such as golf and cricket.
Exercise is beneficial, even for those with heart conditions. It improves heart function, overall well-being and is associated with increased life expectancy and reduced heart disease risk in later life. It also aids in weight control and in lowering blood pressure.
Different types of exercise, such as static (e.g. weight lifting) and dynamic (e.g. running), have varying impacts on the body and heart. Children with heart conditions should consult their doctor to determine safe levels and types of exercise, especially in school settings where physical activities can be intensive
Most children with heart disease can follow the standard vaccination schedule. However, those with immune deficiencies, such as DiGeorge syndrome or an isomerism, or those who are receiving immunosuppression, such as post-transplantation, may require a modified vaccination schedule.
Before travelling, especially long distances or to unusual destinations, we recommend to:
Special diets are not normally required for those with heart disease, but a balanced one is important. Maintaining a normal weight is crucial as excess weight increases the heart's workload.
Children with heart disease are generally not more prone to infections. However, some may be susceptible to chest infections or have associated immune deficiencies, particularly those with holes in the heart (ASD, VSD, PDA). Viral infections are common and usually resolve without antibiotics, but medical advice should be sought in case of uncertainty.
Not all children with heart disease require medication. Those who do may need it for fluid reduction, to aid heart pumping, for rhythm control or for blood thinning.
While these medications are generally safe, side effects can occur, especially with other illnesses or medication changes. Any unusual symptoms or side-effects should be promptly reported to the doctor.
Most women with heart disease can have a normal pregnancy and delivery. Exceptions may include those with severe cyanosis or pulmonary hypertension, where pregnancy can pose significant risks.
It is essential to seek medical advice before pregnancy so the process can be monitored and, if treatment is necessary, provided early.
The risk of heart disease in offspring varies, with some evidence suggesting that maternal vitamin intake before and during early pregnancy may reduce risks.
