Eczema can arise from a combination of factors, often with a genetic component, implying a family history of eczema or other allergies.
The severity of the condition can be worsened by various individual-specific factors, including environmental temperature changes, irritation from synthetic or woollen clothing, exposure to soaps, animal fur, and emotional stress. Skin affected by eczema is more susceptible to secondary bacterial and viral infections, especially when scratched and broken.