Self examination — For any male presenting with a solid, firm mass within the testis, testicular cancer must be the considered diagnosis until proven otherwise.
Scrotal ultrasound — This ultrasound can distinguish intrinsic from extrinsic testicular lesions with a high degree of accuracy.
CT scan — A high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis can assist with diagnosis.
Serum tumour markers — Serum tumour markers alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), beta-hCG and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are often elevated in testicular cancer.